Ibn Abi Hatim has transmitted a tradition narrated by Ibn 'Abbas:
Ayyub was given the clothing of Paradise which he wore and sat down at his corner. His wife cae but did not recognise him so she asked him, "O 'Abdullah where has the sick man who was sitting here gone?" He said, "What's with you?! I am Ayyub." She said, "Will you joke with me O 'Abdullah?!" He said, "What's wrong? I am Ayyub - Allah has returned to me my body."
Ibn 'Abbas said that Allah also returned to him his wealth and children as they were and the like of all that again!
A hadith has been narrated by Abu Hurayrah trasmitted by Ibn Abi Hatim that the Holy Prophet, upon whom be peace, said:
When Ayyub was cured golden locusts swarmed on him. He began picking them up with his hands and collecting them in his pockets. He was asked, 'O Ayyub are you not satiated?' He answered, 'O Lord who is ever satiated with Your Mercy?'"
Imam Ahmad has transmitted a hadith from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said:
While Ayyub was having a bath and was naked, golden locusts fell on him. He started gathering them in his clothes. So his Lord called to him, 'O Ayyub! Have I not enriched you enough to be satisfied?' He said, 'Indeed my Lord but I cannot dispense with Your blessing!"
Allah has said in the Qur'an (as mentioned in the verses before) that a spring of cold water gushed forth and Allah commanded Ayyub to wash himself with it and drink it. Allah washed away from him whatever he had of pain and disease, illness and sickness on his body both visible and invisible. He was given back his beauty and wealth until locusts of gold rained on him heavily. And Allah gave him his family. All of this was a mercy from Allah to him. It is an admonition for the worshippers so that they may remember if they are afflicted and take a lesson from it whether that affliction is physical or financial or the death of children. The example of Sayyidina Ayyub, 'alayhis-salam, the Prophet of Allah should be emulated.
It is wrong to assume, as some have, that his wife's name was Rahmah. Ibn 'Abbas said that Allah returned her to her youth and share birth to twenty-six male children. And Sayyidina Ayyub lived seventy years after that in the city of Rome on the upright religion but after him the religion of Ibrahim was corrupted.
Allah says in the Qur'an:
"[We said], 'And take in your hand a bunch [of grass] and strike with it and do not break your oath' Indeed, We found him patient, an excellent servant. Indeed, he was one repeatedly turning back [to Allah]."
This was by the permission of Allah to His slave and His Messenger whereby he was absolved of his vow.
It is said that he vowed to hit his wife with a hundred stripes because she had sold her hair. But it is also said that he made this vow because she to the prompting of a devil who came to her in the guise of a doctor and prescribed to her medicine for Ayyub. When she told him about it he recognised that this was a devil and he made the vow. When Allah cured him, He directed him to tie together a hundred twigs and to strike her with the bundle once. This would be the equivalent of striking her with a hundred stripes. This was a way out for one who feared Allah and was devoted to Him. It was a befitting way out for the woman who had shown immense patience and forbearance and who was pious, truthful and guided. May Allah be pleased with her!
Many jurists rely on this verse in their rulings.
Ibn Jarir and other scholars have said that Sayyidina Ayyub was ninety-three years old when he died but some say he lived longer than that.
Al-Layth has transmitted from Mujahid (in meaning) that on the Day of Resurrection Allah will present Sulayman before the rich, Yusuf before the handsome and Ayyub before those afflicted with hardship.
When he died he entrusted his office of Prophethood to his son Humal and after him his other son Bishr became a Prophet. Many consider that his son Bishr is Dhu'l-Kifl.
From Stories of the Prophets, published by Darul-Ishaat Karachi 2000. The translation is by Rafiq Abdur-Rahman (amended slightly by SunnahOnline.com)